Slurry pumps, and centrifugal pumps, move fluid mixtures containing solid materials, such as mud, ore slurry, ore sand, etc. Vertical and horizontal slurry pumps are two different types of slurry pumps.
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The characteristics, variations, benefits, and drawbacks of vertical and horizontal slurry pumps will be discussed in this article. Keep reading below to know more!
What is a Horizontal Slurry Pump?
The horizontal slurry pump is the primary machinery for various industrial applications. Compared to a living body, the slurry delivery system, the slurry pump acts as the heart, pumping the slurry (blood) to the system’s various organs and equipment.
These pumps are made for efficiency and durability. Horizontal slurry Pumps are developed with cutting-edge hydraulic and wear-resistant technologies that guarantee an excellent pumping solution for harsh corrosive, and abrasive slurry applications. A horizontal slurry pump’s distinctive qualities and advanced designs dramatically lower operating expenses.
Features of Horizontal Slurry Pumps
The horizontal slurry pump uses mechanical seals, and most parts can be switched out to extend their useful life. The horizontal slurry pump is solid and durable, has a long service life, has a roomy flow path, and has good corrosion resistance. In addition, it has simple operation and quick maintenance.
Pumps come in a variety of types. Here, we mainly discuss horizontal centrifugal slurry pumps, which feature the following features:
- The primary application areas are metal smelting, sewage treatment, power plants desulfurization, sand and river dredging, and mineral processing plants.
- Centrifugal pumps use the rotation of the impeller to provide energy to the slurry for pipeline conveyance. Additionally, because slurry pumps are typically employed in demanding environments, they usually have a compact horizontal structure.
- Since the slurry contains solids, it necessitates wet-end components for slurry pumps with good wear resistance. The wet end components must be corrosion resistant since the slurry is also corrosive under mine concentration and desulfurization conditions.
- To maintain wear or corrosion resistance under various working circumstances, wet end parts are typically comprised of high chromium or rubber materials.
- The mechanical, glandular, and expeller seals are the several types used in horizontal slurry pumps.
- In slurry pump operation, durability and dependability are essential. Slurry pumps have a substantially lower efficiency than water and chemical pumps since pump efficiency is generally considered secondary.
- A horizontal slurry pump is extended. Pump shafts often use stiff shafts to sustain large loads to satisfy the demands of hard-working circumstances.
- Slurry pumps have significant passages because they are made to move solids, which results in strong passage ability.
Application of Horizontal Slurry Pumps
It is used to transport ore pulp, which can have a concentration of up to 50%, or other heavy medium liquid weighting agents. It is a necessary piece of machinery for moving ore, silt, and ash in construction, mining, and other industries. It is primarily used to discharge concentrator tailings and transport concentrate slurry. Additionally, it can transport slurry in cement factories, high-temperature crystalline slurry in aluminum plants, and media in coal preparation facilities.
Product Principle of Horizontal Slurry Pumps
The impeller beneath the rigid shaft of the horizontal slurry pump is regulated and rotated clockwise by a motor through a V-belt pulley. The feed port allows the slurry to enter the pump chamber, and the impeller’s rotation causes the slurry to be discharged.
The horizontal slurry pump operates on a similar premise as a centrifugal pump. The impeller and the casing are the fundamental components of the horizontal slurry pump. The primary mover is included in the impeller and cannot be detached from it; it is situated on the shaft in the casing. The slurry pump’s impeller drives the blades to rotate under the action of the prime mover, turning the fluid. The fluid gains both kinetic and potential energy under pressure. Additionally, due to the centrifugal force, the liquid is dispersed from the impeller’s center to its outside edges, creating a high tangential velocity expelled from the impeller.
What is a Vertical Slurry Pump?
The most extensive selection of centrifugal slurry pumps for mining, chemical, and other industrial applications are horizontal slurry pumps. The horizontal slurry pumps are for heavy-duty uses like tailings, power plants, and mill discharges. They are also made for specialized services like continuously pumping highly abrasive, high-density slurries.
A vertical axial suction, one-stage, single suction centrifugal structure makes up the vertical slurry pump. Impeller, volute, rear liner plate, shaft sleeve, support, support plate, shaft, bearing, bearing body, and other components make up most of it. Depending on the slurry’s characteristics, different materials are used for the impeller, volute, back liner plate, and other sections that come into touch with the slurry.
The volute, support, and bearing body are joined by bolts, while threads connect the impeller and shaft. The pump shaft and motor can be driven directly by connection or belt. The vertical pump has a grease-lubricated bearing and no circumferential peak construction. Vertical Slurry Pumps are highly configurable pumps to lower operating and maintenance expenses. Wear parts are composed of solid metal or rubber, and they take up less floor area than horizontal pumps.
Features of Vertical Slurry Pump
To lessen the back pressure on the impeller and increase the lifespan of the seal, the vertical slurry pump uses an auxiliary impeller. In addition, the flow sections are composed of abrasion-resistant white cast iron that is wear-resistant. To increase longevity, the pump’s flow components and inner lining are constructed of rubber that is both wear- and corrosion-resistant. The vertical slurry pump is lightweight and straightforward to install, among other qualities.
- Vertical centrifugal pump with one stage, one suction, and wet parts made of high-chrome cast iron alloy with anti-abrasion coating on the casing, impeller, and liner plate.
- Input agitators are made for fluids with high concentrations, and suction pipes can be added to the pump inlet depending on the pit’s depth.
Pumps come in a variety of types. Here, we mainly discuss vertical centrifugal slurry pumps, which feature the following features:
- It utilizes a single pump casing and vertical cantilever type.
- High chromium alloy or rubber impeller used in a double-suction, semi-open impeller design.
- High-capacity bearings are used in cylindrical bearing assemblies, and grease is used to lubricate the bearings.
- The spacing between the impeller and guard plate can be changed to ensure the pump operates effectively.
- No shaft seal is necessary.
- Both the pump and the motor have the option of direct drive or V-belt drive.
- To set up rubber to adapt to highly corrosive working circumstances, use rubber that has been wetted and rubber that is in touch with slurry.
Application of Vertical Slurry Pump
Transporting mud, mortar, mining slurry, and other similar liquids containing suspended solid particles is the primary function of vertical slurry pumps. For instance, an oil drilling mud purification system or a concentrator that transports slime, tailings, and concentrate slurry. In various mining, chemical, electric power, building materials, agricultural, and other industries, it is suitable for transporting abrasive or corrosive slurries.
Principle of Vertical Slurry Pump
Vertical slurry pumps are mainly used to transport mud, mortar, ore slurry, and similar liquids containing suspended solid particles, such as oil drilling mud purification systems, concentrators conveying concentrate slurry, tailings, slime, etc. It is suitable for sharing abrasive or corrosive slurries in various mining, chemical, electric power, building materials, agriculture, and other industries.
Many impeller configurations can be utilized over a standard shaft to create high pressure. At the earth level, this will be necessary for deep wells.
These pumps function whenever water is drawn into the pump’s base through a suction bell, which appears as a bell component. It then enters the primary stage impeller to increase the water’s velocity. Water then enters the diffuser bowl directly above the impeller, where the high-velocity energy may be converted into high-pressure.
Horizontal Slurry Pumps Vs. Vertical Slurry Pumps: What are the Differences?
Let’s summarize their differences after reading their introductions:
Vertical pumps, also known as submerged slurry pumps, are long-axis submersible pumps that can be submerged in liquid to function. They can also be left idle and work when there is inadequate suction. Because the horizontal pump typically has no suction lift and cannot be used to carry the slurry to the underground pond, it is appropriate to do so.
The horizontal slurry pump is a ground-mounted horizontal pump. For the slurry to flow automatically into the pump chamber without opening the pump, it often requires an inverted installation. If you need additional details, visit www.kingdapump.com. You will receive a response from our professional slurry pump selection engineer.
Starting method
Reverse irrigation is not required to start the vertical submerged slurry pump. The suction performance is improved since the impeller is submerged. As a result, it can operate faster and without modification when inadequate suction occurs, whereas the horizontal slurry pump requires reversal installation.
Installation area
The vertical submersible slurry pump is lightweight and has a small footprint. The horizontal slurry pump has a wide area and needs to be installed in a broad area. However, the vertical submerged slurry pump can be appropriately chosen if the slurry pump unit utilizes a little space.
Structural features
The horizontal slurry pumps typically have a twin pump shell structure, whereas the vertical submersible pumps have a single pump shell structure.
Maintenance
The horizontal slurry pump is positioned above the water’s surface, making maintenance easier. The working portion of the vertical submerged slurry pump is below the liquid level, making maintenance difficult.
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Summary
Slurry pumps, and centrifugal pumps, move fluid mixtures containing solid materials, such as mud, ore slurry, ore sand, etc. The characteristics, variations, benefits, and drawbacks of vertical and horizontal slurry pumps were discussed in this article. A horizontal slurry pump is a primary machinery for various industrial applications. It has cutting-edge hydraulic and wear-resistant technologies for harsh corrosive and abrasive slurry applications.
Understanding the different components that make up a pump allows you to implement effective and best practice maintenance procedures.
In this blog, our team shares their knowledge about bearings and how important they are to the successful operation of your centrifugal pump. We answer the questions you care about most, so check out these answers.
What is a bearing?
A bearing is a mechanical assembly consisting of a rolling element, cage and inner and outer rings used in rotating shaft or linear shaft applications.
Bearings are a small part of the pumping system, but they play a vital role. The assembly carries the load of the pump and allows rotation. They must be properly lubricated and monitored for temperature to prevent bearing failure.
What happens to the bearings when the pump is running?
When your pump is running, the bearings are subjected to high axial loads, edge lubrication, and high operating temperatures and vibrations. All the time, these bearings are trying to minimize friction.
What are the different types of bearings available?
There is a wide range of bearings suitable for centrifugal pumps, and different types are selected depending on the conditions of use or the preference of the end user. There are several different types of bearings depending on the application, including ball or roller bearings, linear bearings, and mounting versions that can use rolling element bearings or plain bearings.
Depending on the type of pump you have, there are a number of bearings that may be suitable.
1. Roller bearings use cylindrical rollers between moving parts to reduce friction and support radial and axial loads.
2. Ball bearings use balls to support the movement of the parts, and although simple in design, they are suitable for high speeds and are easy to maintain.
3. Pasteurized bearings are sleeve bearings coated with pasteurized alloy and are commonly used in motors, pumps, turbine generators and fans.
4. Sleeve bearings are suitable for high speeds. These bearings are only suitable for radial loads and are designed to float.
5. Pivot tile bearings, also known as tilting tile bearings or Kingsbury bearings, are suitable for axial loads and are installed as thrust bearings in high-power centrifugal pumps.
6. Angular contact bearings with inner and outer ring raceways, which are displaced relative to each other in the direction of the bearing axis. These bearings are designed to carry loads.
How do bearings fail?
The most common cause of pump bearing failure is not actually fatigue. Thrust bearings in centrifugal pumps sometimes fail before the theoretical life specified by API or ANSI standards for the following reasons.
► Contamination: This comes from three potential sources; liquids, metal particles, and dirt or dust. Exposure to dust or dirt can be reduced if the bearings remain in their original packaging and are not exposed to the components prior to installation. Also, when handling bearings, do not contaminate them with dirty or greasy hands.
► Inadequate or ineffective lubrication: Proper lubrication of bearings prevents direct metal-to-metal contact, reduces friction, wear, rust and corrosion, and extends service life. However, inadequate or ineffective lubrication can lead to bearing failure and increase the amount of heat and friction generated. Most lubrication failures occur due to the use of the wrong lubricant, too little or too much grease/oil, and contamination of grease/oil with objects or water.
►Incorrect mounting or installation: During mounting and installation, the operator must avoid misalignment or shaft deflection and be aware of radial internal clearance.
► Operating stress and bearing selection: If the load becomes high, overload and early fatigue may occur. If the load is too low, improper sliding and rolling element loading may occur. The first indication of these problems is usually abnormal noise and/or elevated temperatures.
► Environmental effects: If the operating environment is not taken into account, lubrication and mounting failures can occur. These environmental influences may include
❋ Dust and dirt contaminating the bearing
❋ Corrosive media or water
❋ Ambient operating temperatures
❋ Current path or electrolyte corrosion
Want to know more about the Bearings, Pumps series? Contact SGB today! Our team is dedicated to ensuring the reliability, durability and longevity of your pumps and their components.
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