Aug 12,
A hard-wall exhaust hose, which is properly double clamped, is essential as per ABYC standards. There are numerous uses for hoses aboard a vessel, and each one requires a specific type. The applications include: fuel, exhaust, scuppers, engine water intake, potable water (both hot and cold), waste management, water heaters, bilge water, gear lubrication, and blowers.
The American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) sets safety standards for boating. If you recently had a boat survey performed, you might notice that many recommended items align with ABYC standards. The council has established guidelines for various hose types to ensure vessels remain seaworthy and that boaters stay safe.
Hoses Part 1 was published on July 22.
Engine Raw Water Hose:
Engine manufacturers typically recommend using heavy-duty hoses for engine installations. These hoses transport water from through-hulls to the water pumps, and further on to heat exchangers and exhaust systems. That said, in many cases, it is more convenient (and cost-effective) to use lightweight rubber hoses to connect raw-water seacocks to the raw-water pumps, include a siphon break, and connect to hot water heaters.
Although heater hoses are generally heat resistant and can adapt to high pressures, their soft and thin construction can lead to collapse under the vacuum produced by the engine's raw water pump, which can starve the engine of essential cooling water. Additionally, abrasion resistance becomes a key factor, especially for hoses against the engine bed and risers, where vibration can lead to chafing and premature wear.
High-quality marine water hoses are noticeably thicker than standard heater hoses and often come reinforced with multiple synthetic materials.
Potable Water Hose:
Both ABYC and safety standards dictate that potable water systems must use hose or tubing made from FDA-approved materials, and must be correctly labeled as such. The FDA mandates that PVC hoses must be created from virgin PVC rather than recycled materials, and they should include textile reinforcement. Any compliant hose must clearly exhibit an “FDA Approved” stamp.
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Scupper and Bilge Hoses:
ABYC standards specify that hoses located below the waterline are critical as damage to them can result in flooding, potentially sinking the vessel. These hoses include scupper drains, bilge hoses, and any hoses connected to seacocks. Typically, the same hose suited for engine raw water purposes is also ideal for cockpit drains, sink drains, and toilet suction lines. They must be selected based on their strength, chemical tolerance, abrasion resistance, and ability to manage suction pressure without collapsing. A fabric reinforced heavy-duty rubber is recommended.
Under ABYC H27, which covers seacocks, through-hull fittings, and drain plugs, it is required to install a seacock on all piping, tubing, or hose lines that penetrate the hull below the maximum heeled waterline under normal trim conditions. Furthermore, double hose clamps are advised for all below-waterline connections. However, if there is insufficient space to install two clamps correctly, one might not be properly secured, risking damage to the hose.
Waste:
(Right) Proper sanitation hose, yet left unsupported.
Toilet-discharge hoses must be made from a special impermeable type, typically labeled as “Sanitation Hose.” Both PVC and rubber options are available, depending on several factors:
PVC sanitation hoses must be specially compounded from high-density materials, making them thicker than average. This improvement increases resistance to moisture absorption, although it renders them quite rigid and challenging to secure tightly to hose barbs. An undersized barb can compromise clamping pressure, while an oversized barb requires too much stretching, leading to potential microscopic cracks and leaks.
Rubber sanitation hoses offer better flexibility and tolerance compared to PVC, thanks to their heavy-wall construction that resists permeation over extended periods. During installation, make certain to avoid low spots that could trap waste, which could create issues down the line.
The liner of a fuel hose that has begun to deteriorate can result in obstructed pumps, carburetors, or injectors.
Maintenance:
Even with high-quality hoses installed correctly, there's always a risk of unexpected failure. Many boat owners neglect regular checks of crucial seacocks from season to season. It is essential to conduct ongoing inspections of hoses, clamps, and seacocks. Also, pay attention to the types of fluids flowing through the hoses, including various fuels (especially those with ethanol content), antifreeze solutions, and any chemical agents encountering hoses or fittings.
Andrew McDonald owns Lakeside Marine Services, a boat repair and maintenance business based in Toronto. Andrew has spent 12 years in the marine industry and is a graduate of the Georgian College Mechanical Techniques - Marine Engine Mechanic program.
For inquiries or comments for Andrew, feel free to reach out directly:
If you're seeking more information, kindly check out sanitation hose supplier.
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